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Palo Verde National Park
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Palo Verde National Park

Parque Nacional Palo Verde

Added by

Anonymous Curator

Reviewed by

Under Review

Last modified by

Julia Trouin

Description

A wetland sanctuary of international importance (RAMSAR Site). It is one of the most threatened ecosystems in Central America and the most important place in Costa Rica for observing migratory and resident waterfowl, located in the lower basin of the Tempisque River.

ClassificationAdministrative and legal categories that govern how this area is managed and protected.

Protected Area TypeLegal designation that determines allowed activities and protection level: National Park (strictest), Biological Reserve, Wildlife Refuge, Wetland, Forest Reserve, etc.National Park
Management TypeWho administers the protected area: government agency (SINAC/MINAE), private organization, indigenous territory, or co-managed.Public (State)
IUCN CategoryIUCN Protected Area Management Category — a global standard from Ia (strict nature reserve) to VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources).II – National Park
SINAC Conservation AreaSINAC (Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación) — Costa Rica's national system of 11 conservation areas managed by the Ministry of Environment (MINAE).ACT – Tempisque
Year of Creation1978
Legal DecreeDecreto Ejecutivo N° 8410-A
Administered BySINAC - Área de Conservación Tempisque (ACT)

HistoryHistorical background, founding story, and timeline of legal protection designation.

Originally, Palo Verde was an extensive cattle ranch. It was declared a wildlife refuge in 1978 and upgraded to a National Park in 1990. Its declaration as a RAMSAR Site in 1991 recognized its vital importance as a waterfowl habitat on the Pacific migratory route.

Record Completeness
29%
Coming soon

Surface AreaTotal surface area subdivided by terrestrial, marine, and buffer zones in hectares.

Total Area (ha)19,800 ha
Terrestrial Area (ha)19,800 ha
Marine Area (ha)0 ha
Coastline (km)0 km
Min. Altitude (m) – Max. Altitude (m)0 m – 232 m

Entry FeesEntry fee structure for Costa Rican residents and international visitors, in CRC and USD.

Entry Fee TypeFixed Fee
Local Adult (CRC ₡)₡1,100
Foreign Adult (USD $)$15
Local Child (CRC ₡)₡500
Foreign Child (USD $)$5
Opening Hours08:00 - 16:00

Online payment required through the SINAC SICAP system prior to visit. Lodging and dining options at the Biological Station managed by OTS (requires separate reservation).

EcosystemsVegetation communities and ecosystem types present within this protected area.

An exceptional mosaic of 15 different habitats. Highlights include freshwater and brackish lagoons, swamps, mangroves along the Tempisque River, flooded grasslands, and patches of tropical dry forest, on limestone and alluvial plains.

WildlifeNotable fauna and flora documented through scientific surveys and long-term monitoring.

The birding mecca of Costa Rica, congregating tens of thousands of waterfowl (whistling-ducks, herons, ibises, jabiru storks) in the dry season. Huge American crocodiles abound in the Tempisque River, as well as iguanas, howler and white-faced monkeys, and coatis.

How to Get ThereHow to reach this protected area by road, public bus, boat, or guided tour.

Located 30 km from Bagaces. The gravel road can be very difficult in the rainy season (September-November), requiring a high-clearance 4x4. Another popular way to access is by boat navigating the Tempisque River from places like Puerto Humo.

ClimateTypical weather patterns, temperature ranges, and seasonal rainfall affecting this location.

Hot and dry most of the year (28°C - 35°C). The dry season (December to April) dries up the temporary lagoons, concentrating the birds in the few permanent bodies of water, creating an unparalleled natural spectacle.

Visitor RegulationsVisitor rules and restrictions designed to protect the natural heritage of this area.

It is an extremely fragile ecosystem. Feeding animals (especially crocodiles or monkeys), using drones without permission so as not to disturb the birds, and leaving trash are prohibited. Guided boat tours must be conducted with SINAC-certified operators.

Best Seasons to Visit

December – MarchApril – June

Regions

Guanacaste

Facilities & ServicesInfrastructure and services available: ranger stations, restrooms, parking, and lodges.

Ranger StationBirdwatching PlatformRestroomsMarked TrailsParking

HighlightsDistinctive features and attractions that make this protected area exceptional.

Ramsar WetlandDry Forest

Main ThreatsDocumented pressures reducing the population: habitat loss, hunting, disease, climate change, and invasive species.

  • Especies invasoras (tifa) que secan los humedales
  • Contaminación agroquímica de plantaciones aledañas
  • Incendios forestales

ConservationActive programs and initiatives working to protect and restore this habitat or area.

  • Manejo activo del humedal (fangueo) para controlar la tifa
  • Monitoreo constante de poblaciones de aves
  • Investigación científica apoyada por la OET